Pathophysiology of hypertensive emergency (crisis hypertension) is shown in the picture below (click to enlarge image). Hypertensive emergency is characterized by a severe elevation in blood pressure (> 180/120 mm Hg) complicated by evidence of impending or progressive target organ dysfunction (coronary ischemia, disordered cerebral function, cerebrovascular events, pulmonary edema, and renal failure). …
Diabetic Retinopathy is retinopathy (damage to the retina) caused by complications of diabetes mellitus, which can eventually lead to blindness (wikipedia.org). The schematic diagram shows increased leukocyte endothelial cell adhesion and entrapment (leukostasis) in diabetic retinopathy. Completed role of leukocytes in the pathogenesis of capillary occlusion, and discussion about the potential of leukostasis as a new promising target in the tr…
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