Electrolyte disturbances which resulted an osmotic imbalances characterized the cataracts. It is important to 
understand the role glutatione and its enzime co-factors play in the metabolism within the lens. As seen in the figure below, glutathione is composed of the amino acids cysteine, glutamic acid, and glycine and its synthesis within the lens takes place in two steps.
The description of this sections are clearly described in this document. You may find issues related to the lens metabolism such senile cataract, Mechanisms Involved in the Pathophysiology of Cataracts, Metabolism of Hydrogen Peroxide by Glutathione, Dietary Factors in Cataract Risk, Diabetic (Sugar) Cataracts, The Polyol Pathway Diagram, The Aldose Reductase Inhibitor Activity of Some Flavonoids, Glutathione in Diabetic Cataracts, and Chronic Open-Angle Glaucoma.
Further details on Understanding the Mechanisms and the Role of Glutathione in Lens Metabolism can be seen in this guideline (source: thorne.com)